Automating The Paris Metro
Paris is not the first city to install a driverless metro line—30 or so cities, such as Ankara, Copenhagen and Vancouver, already have automated lines, and 20 more are under construction. But these lines were built from scratch. What makes the Paris Métro’s effort so extraordinary is that it’s planning on renovating the line’s aged infrastructure—replacing switches and control networks and so forth—without so much as a single day of downtime....